在Andorid平台上构造一个OpenGL View非常简单,主要有两方面的工作:
GLSurfaceView
Android平台提供的OpenGL ES API主要定义在包android.opengl ,javax.microedition.khronos.egl ,javax.microedition.khronos.opengles ,java.nio 等几个包中,其中类GLSurfaceView 为这些包中的核心类:
因此编写OpenGL ES应用的起始点是从类GLSurfaceView开始,设置GLSurfaceView只需调用一个方法来设置OpenGLView用到的GLSurfaceView.Renderer.
- public void setRenderer(GLSurfaceView.Renderer renderer)
GLSurfaceView.Renderer
GLSurfaceView.Renderer定义了一个统一图形绘制的接口,它定义了如下三个接口函数:
- // Called when the surface is created or recreated.
- public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config)
- // Called to draw the current frame.
- public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl)
- // Called when the surface changed size.
- public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height)
有了上面的基本定义,可以写出一个OpenGL ES应用的通用框架。
创建一个新的Android 项目:OpenGLESTutorial, 在项目在添加两个类TutorialPartI.java 和OpenGLRenderer.java.
具体代码如下:
TutorialPartI.java
- public class TutorialPartI extends Activity {
- // Called when the activity is first created.
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- this.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); // (NEW)
- getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
- WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN); // (NEW)
- GLSurfaceView view = new GLSurfaceView(this);
- view.setRenderer(new OpenGLRenderer());
- setContentView(view);
- }
- }
OpenGLRenderer.java
- public class OpenGLRenderer implements Renderer {
- public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
- // Set the background color to black ( rgba ).
- gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f); // OpenGL docs.
- // Enable Smooth Shading, default not really needed.
- gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);// OpenGL docs.
- // Depth buffer setup.
- gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);// OpenGL docs.
- // Enables depth testing.
- gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);// OpenGL docs.
- // The type of depth testing to do.
- gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);// OpenGL docs.
- // Really nice perspective calculations.
- gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, // OpenGL docs.
- GL10.GL_NICEST);
- }
- public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {
- // Clears the screen and depth buffer.
- gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | // OpenGL docs.
- GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
- }
- public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
- // Sets the current view port to the new size.
- gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);// OpenGL docs.
- // Select the projection matrix
- gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);// OpenGL docs.
- // Reset the projection matrix
- gl.glLoadIdentity();// OpenGL docs.
- // Calculate the aspect ratio of the window
- GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45.0f,
- (float) width / (float) height,
- 0.1f, 100.0f);
- // Select the modelview matrix
- gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);// OpenGL docs.
- // Reset the modelview matrix
- gl.glLoadIdentity();// OpenGL docs.
- }
- }
编译后运行,屏幕显示一个黑色的全屏。这两个类定义了Android OpenGL ES应用的最基本的类和方法,可以看作是OpenGL ES的?Hello ,world?应用,后面将逐渐丰富这个例子来画出3D图型。
框架代码下载:可以作为你自己的OpenGL 3D 的初始代码。