函数是一等公民

一个需求

假设我们需要检查许多的数字是否符合某一范围
范围存储在外部系统中,并且可能随时更改
数字范围像这样存储着”>= 3,< 7”

一个java版本

List<String> params = new LinkedList<>();
List<Integer> nums = new LinkedList<>();
List<String> marks = new LinkedList<>();
public JavaRangeMatcher(List<String> params) {
    this.params = params;
    for (String param : params) {
        String[] markNum = param.split(" ");
        marks.add(markNum[0]);
        nums.add(Integer.parseInt(markNum[1]));
    }
}
public boolean check(int input) {
    for (int i = 0; i < marks.size(); i++) {
        int num = nums.get(i);
        String mark = marks.get(i);
        if (mark.equals(">") && input <= num) return false;
        if (mark.equals(">=") && input < num) return false;
        if (mark.equals("<") && input >= num) return false;
        if (mark.equals("<=") && input > num) return false;
    }
    return true;
}
List<String> paramsList = new LinkedList<String>() {{
    add(“>= 3”);
    add(“< 7”);
}};
JavaRangeMatcher matcher = new JavaRangeMatcher(paramsList);
int[] inputs = new int[]{1, 3, 5, 7, 9};
for (int input : inputs) {
    System.out.println(matcher.check(input));
}
//给自己有限的时间,想想又没有性能优化的余地
//我们一起来跑跑看

一个 scala 版本

def exprToInt(expr: String): Int => Boolean = {
  val Array(mark, num, _*) = expr.split(" ")
  val numInt = num.toInt
  mark match {
    case "<" => numInt.>
    case ">" => numInt.<
    case ">=" => numInt.<=
    case "<=" => numInt.>=
  } //返回函数的函数
}
case class RangeMatcher(range: Seq[String]) {
  val rangeFunc: Seq[(Int) => Boolean] = range.map(exprToInt)
  def check(input: Int) = rangeFunc.forall(_(input))
}
def main(args: Array[String]) {
  val requirements = Seq(">= 3", "< 7")
  val rangeMatcher = RangeMatcher(requirements)
  val results = Seq(1, 3, 5, 7, 9).map(rangeMatcher.check)
  println(results.mkString(","))
  //false,true,true,false,false
}