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第一天 三种Binding让你KO80%的业务

作者：一线码农

转眼wcf技术已经出现很多年了，也在.net界混的风生水起，同时.net也是一个高度封装的框架，作为在wcf食物链最顶端的我们所能做的任务已经简单的不能再简单了，

再简单的话马路上的大妈也能写wcf了，好了，wcf最基本的概念我们放在后面慢慢分析，下面我们来看看神奇的3个binding如何KO我们实际场景中的80%的业务场景。

一：basicHttpBinding

作为入门第一篇，也就不深入谈谈basic中的信道栈中那些啥东西了，你只需要知道有ABC三个要素，注意不是姨妈巾哦，如果需要详细了解，可以观赏我以前的系列。在

这里我就不多说了，太简单的东西没意思，先看个例子简单感受了，你只需知道的是basic走的是http协议就好了，传输消息为soap。

1. 契约 

using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace MyService
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IHomeService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        int GetLength(string name);
    }
}

2. 实现类 

using System;
using System.Messaging;
using System.Threading;

namespace MyService
{
    public class HomeService : IHomeService
    {
        public int GetLength(string name)
        {
            return name.Length;
        }
    }
}

3. 服务启动 

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace MyService
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(HomeService)))
            {
                try
                {
                    host.Open();

                    Console.WriteLine("服务开启！");

                    Console.Read();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

4. 配置config文件 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <netTcpBinding>
        <binding name="IHomeServiceBinding" />
      </netTcpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

    <services>
      <service name="MyService.HomeService">
        <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:1920/HomeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="MyService.IHomeService">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>

        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://127.0.0.1:1920"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

5. 然后通过 servicehost 启动服务端 

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace MyService
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(HomeService)))
            {
                try
                {
                    host.Open();

                    Console.WriteLine("服务开启！");

                    Console.Read();
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

好了，到现在为止，服务端全部开启完毕，接下来我们通过“添加服务引用”，来添加对客户端的引用 

using System;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            HomeServiceReference.HomeServiceClient client = new HomeServiceReference.HomeServiceClient();

            var s = client.GetLength("12345");

            Console.WriteLine("长度为:{0}", s);

            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

麻蛋，就这么简单，是的，就这样简单的五步，基于http的通信就这样被不小心的完成了，真不好意思。

二：netTcpBinding

有了basic的代码，现在我们要改成tcp通信，这会通信走的是字节流，很简单，改一下服务端的config文件就好了，大家也知道这种性能要比basic好。 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mxbehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

    <services>
      <service name="MyService.HomeService" behaviorConfiguration="mxbehavior">
        <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:19200/HomeService" binding="netTcpBinding" contract="MyService.IHomeService">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>

        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:1920/HomeService"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

三：netMsmqBinding

msmq这个玩意，我想大家都清楚，一个物理上的文件，好处呢，你也明白，就是client和service的所有通信都要经过它的手，这样任何一方出了问题，只要

它在就没问题了。同样我们把tcp改成msmq也是非常简单的，不过要注意，msmqbinding中是不可以让契约方法有返回值的。所以我们加上isoneway就好了。 

using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace MyService
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface IHomeService
    {
        [OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
        void GetLength(string name);
    }
}

然后我在mmc上新建一个消息队列，如下：

然后我们再改动以下配置文件 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="mxbehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <bindings>
      <netMsmqBinding>
        <binding name="msmqbinding">
          <security mode="None"/>
        </binding>
      </netMsmqBinding>
    </bindings>
    <services>
      <service name="MyService.HomeService" behaviorConfiguration="mxbehavior">
        <endpoint address="net.msmq://localhost/private/homequeue" binding="netMsmqBinding"
                  contract="MyService.IHomeService" bindingConfiguration="msmqbinding">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>

        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:19200/HomeService"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>

  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

 

纵观上面的三种binding，配置起来何其简单，底层的各种通讯协议貌似对我来说都是透明的，其实呢？？？wcf在底层做了何其多的事情，而我却没有挖掘。。。

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