离线地图下载方法解析
jerry 地图开发 2015年11月26日
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在使用Google Map, Microsoft Map 等在线地图时，常常想知道这些地图在服务器上是如何存放的，目前大部分地图服务器都是将地图以图片存储以提高响应速度。 一般大小为256X256个像素。
如果知道每个图片的URL,自己写个地图下载软件并不困难。从而做成离线地图。
下面程序片段给出了常用地图服务器上地图图片存取的URL计算方法。
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Text;
- namespace MapTileURL
- {
- class Program
- {
- private static Dictionary<string, string> MapTypeURLs = new Dictionary<string, string>
- {
- { "GoogleSatURL", "<a href="http://khm{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/kh/v=58&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO">http://khm{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/kh/v=58&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO</a>}" },
- { "GoogleMapURL", "<a href="http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO">http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO</a>}" },
- { "GoogleHybURL", "<a href="http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/vt/lyrs=h@121&hl=en&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO">http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/vt/lyrs=h@121&hl=en&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO</a>}" },
- { "GoogleTerURL", "<a href="http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/vt/lyrs=t@108,r@121&hl=en&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO">http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.com/vt/lyrs=t@108,r@121&hl=en&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO</a>}" },
- { "GoogleChinaURL", "<a href="http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.cn/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&gl=cn&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO">http://mt{GOOG_DIGIT}.google.cn/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&gl=cn&x={X}&y={Y}&z={ZOOM}&s={GALILEO</a>}" },
- { "YahooMapURL", "<a href="http://maps{Y_DIGIT}.yimg.com/hx/tl?v=4.3&.intl=en&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM}&r=1">http://maps{Y_DIGIT}.yimg.com/hx/tl?v=4.3&.intl=en&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM}&r=1</a>" },
- { "YahooSatURL", "<a href="http://maps{Y_DIGIT}.yimg.com/ae/ximg?v=1.9&t=a&s=256&.intl=en&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM}&r=1">http://maps{Y_DIGIT}.yimg.com/ae/ximg?v=1.9&t=a&s=256&.intl=en&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM}&r=1</a>" },
- { "YahooInMapURL", "<a href="http://maps.yimg.com/hw/tile?locale=en&imgtype=png&yimgv=1.2&v=4.1&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM_2">http://maps.yimg.com/hw/tile?locale=en&imgtype=png&yimgv=1.2&v=4.1&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM_2</a>}" },
- { "YahooInHybURL", "<a href="http://maps.yimg.com/hw/tile?imgtype=png&yimgv=0.95&t=h&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM_2">http://maps.yimg.com/hw/tile?imgtype=png&yimgv=0.95&t=h&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM_2</a>}" },
- { "YahooHybURL", "<a href="http://maps{Y_DIGIT}.yimg.com/hx/tl?v=4.3&t=h&.intl=en&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM}&r=1">http://maps{Y_DIGIT}.yimg.com/hx/tl?v=4.3&t=h&.intl=en&x={X}&y={YAHOO_Y}&z={YAHOO_ZOOM}&r=1</a>" },
- { "MicrosoftBrMapURL", "<a href="http://imakm{MS_DIGITBR}.maplink3.com.br/maps.ashx?v={QUAD}|t&call=2.2.4">http://imakm{MS_DIGITBR}.maplink3.com.br/maps.ashx?v={QUAD}|t&call=2.2.4</a>" },
- { "MicrosoftHybURL", "<a href="http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/h{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&n=z">http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/h{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&n=z</a>" },
- { "MicrosoftSatURL", "<a href="http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&n=z">http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&n=z</a>" },
- { "MicrosoftMapURL", "<a href="http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/r{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&n=z">http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/r{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&n=z</a>" },
- { "MicrosoftTerURL", "<a href="http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/r{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&shading=hill&n=z">http://ecn.t{MS_DIGIT}.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/r{QUAD}.png?g=441&mkt=en-us&shading=hill&n=z</a>" },
- { "OpenStreetMapURL", "<a href="http://tile.openstreetmap.org/{ZOOM}/{X}/{Y}.png">http://tile.openstreetmap.org/{ZOOM}/{X}/{Y}.png</a>" },
- { "OSMARenderURL", "<a href="http://tah.openstreetmap.org/Tiles/tile/{ZOOM}/{X}/{Y}.png">http://tah.openstreetmap.org/Tiles/tile/{ZOOM}/{X}/{Y}.png</a>" },
- { "OpenAerialMapURL", "<a href="http://tile.openaerialmap.org/tiles/?v=mgm&layer=openaerialmap-900913&x={X}&y={Y}&zoom={OAM_ZOOM">http://tile.openaerialmap.org/tiles/?v=mgm&layer=openaerialmap-900913&x={X}&y={Y}&zoom={OAM_ZOOM</a>}" },
- { "OpenCycleMapURL", "<a href="http://andy.sandbox.cloudmade.com/tiles/cycle/{ZOOM}/{X}/{Y}.png">http://andy.sandbox.cloudmade.com/tiles/cycle/{ZOOM}/{X}/{Y}.png</a>" }
- };
- readonly static char[] Lookup = new[] { 'q', 't', 'r', 's' };
- public static string GetQuadtreeFromXYZoom(int x, int y, int zoom)
- {
- var quad = new StringBuilder();
- for (int i = 0; i < zoom; i++)
- {
- int rx = x % 2;
- int ry = y % 2;
- x /= 2;
- y /= 2;
- quad.Insert(0, Lookup[rx * 2 + ry]);
- }
- quad.Insert(0, 't');
- return quad.ToString();
- }
- public static string BuildUrl(string tileType, int x,int y,int zoom)
- {
- string url = "";
- // Edited by Shustrik - compacted the switch statement
- switch (tileType)
- {
- case "GoogleSat":
- case "GoogleSatH":
- url = MapTypeURLs["GoogleSatURL"];
- break;
- case "GoogleMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["GoogleMapURL"];
- break;
- case "GoogleHyb":
- url = MapTypeURLs["GoogleHybURL"];
- break;
- case "GoogleTer":
- url = MapTypeURLs["GoogleTerURL"];
- break;
- case "GoogleChina":
- url = MapTypeURLs["GoogleChinaURL"];
- break;
- case "MicrosoftMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["MicrosoftMapURL"];
- break;
- case "MicrosoftSat":
- url = MapTypeURLs["MicrosoftSatURL"];
- break;
- case "MicrosoftHyb":
- url = MapTypeURLs["MicrosoftHybURL"];
- break;
- case "MicrosoftTer":
- url = MapTypeURLs["MicrosoftTerURL"];
- break;
- case "MicrosoftBrMap":
- if (zoom <= 10)
- url = MapTypeURLs["MicrosoftMapURL"];
- else
- url = MapTypeURLs["MicrosoftBrMapURL"];
- break;
- case "YahooMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["YahooMapURL"];
- break;
- case "YahooSat":
- case "YahooSatH":
- case "YahooSatH2":
- url = MapTypeURLs["YahooSatURL"];
- break;
- case "YahooHyb":
- url = MapTypeURLs["YahooHybURL"];
- break;
- case "YahooInMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["YahooInMapURL"];
- break;
- case "YahooInHyb":
- url = MapTypeURLs["YahooInHybURL"];
- break;
- case "OpenStreetMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["OpenStreetMapURL"];
- break;
- case "OSMARender":
- url = MapTypeURLs["OSMARenderURL"];
- break;
- case "OpenAerialMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["OpenAerialMapURL"];
- break;
- case "OpenCycleMap":
- url = MapTypeURLs["OpenCycleMapURL"];
- break;
- }
- // Edited by Shustrik - added variables for configuration settings other than Google
- string quadcode = "";
- for (int i = (int)zoom - 1; i >= 0; i--)
- quadcode = quadcode + (((((y >> i) & 1) << 1) + ((x >> i) & 1)));
- url = url.Replace("{X}", x.ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{Y}", y.ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{Z}", ((int)zoom).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{ZOOM}", ((int)zoom).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{QUAD}", quadcode);
- url = url.Replace("{YAHOO_Y}", (((1 << ((int)zoom)) >> 1) - 1 - y).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{YAHOO_ZOOM}", ((int)zoom + 1).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{YAHOO_ZOOM_2}", (17 - (int)zoom + 1).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{OAM_ZOOM}", (17 - (int)zoom).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{GOOG_DIGIT}", ((x + y) & 3).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{GOOG_QUAD}", GetQuadtreeFromXYZoom(x, y, zoom));
- url = url.Replace("{MS_DIGITBR}", ((((y & 1) << 1) + (x & 1)) + 1).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{MS_DIGIT}", ((((y & 3) << 1) + (x & 1))).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{Y_DIGIT}", ((x + y + zoom) % 3 +1).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{GALILEO}", "Galileo".Substring(0, ((3 * x + y) & 7)));
- // support old style {} vars
- url = url.Replace("QQQQ", GetQuadtreeFromXYZoom(x,y,zoom));
- url = url.Replace("XXXX", x.ToString());
- url = url.Replace("YYYY", y.ToString());
- url = url.Replace("ZZZZ", (17 - (int)zoom).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{OSM_ZOOM}", ((int)zoom).ToString());
- url = url.Replace("{MS_QUADCODE}", quadcode);
- url = url.Replace("*", ((x+y+zoom) %4).ToString());
- return url;
- }
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- string url = BuildUrl("GoogleMap", 1, 1, 1);
- //return <a href="http://mt2.google.com/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&x=1&y=1&z=1&s=Gali">http://mt2.google.com/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&x=1&y=1&z=1&s=Gali</a>
- }
- }
- }
例子中取出 google map ,在 zoom=1 及 x=1,y=1是的图片。
http://mt2.google.com/vt/lyrs=m@121&hl=en&x=1&y=1&z=1&s=Gali
下载工具 http://www.mapdigit.com/forum/viewthread.php?tid=43&extra=page%3D1 中文说明参见离线地图生成工具结构图和离线地图生成工具使用方法
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